Medical-Surgical Nursing

A 32 year old man is admitted to the isolation unit with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

He is married and has one child. His wife is a depressed because of his diagnosis. Which of the following nursing problems requires immediate planning?

  1. A Risk of infection due to autoimmune cell destruction الإجابة الصحيحة
  2. B Nutrition deficit due to due body cell mass wastage
  3. C Risk of ineffective ineffective psychosocial and family support
  4. D Knowledge deficit about prognosis and treatment

الشرح

Core Concept: In patients with AIDS, the immediate life-threatening priority is the risk of opportunistic infections due to severe immunodeficiency (destruction of CD4+ T-cells by HIV). According to Maslow's hierarchy and ABCs, physiological survival and preventing life-threatening infections take precedence over psychosocial or knowledge deficits.

Clinical Presentation:

  • Susceptibility to opportunistic infections (e.g., Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, esophageal candidiasis, toxoplasmosis, CMV)
  • Unexplained weight loss, chronic diarrhea, persistent fever, and generalized lymphadenopathy

Diagnosis:

  • HIV screening (Ag/Ab combination assay) confirmed by viral load and CD4 count (<200 cells/mm3 defines AIDS)

Management:

  • First-line/Acute: Initiation of prophylactic antibiotics (e.g., TMP-SMX for PCP prophylaxis based on CD4 count) and strict infection control precautions
  • Long-term/Definitive: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) to suppress viral load and restore immune function; psychosocial support and counseling for the patient and family

40 سؤالاً مجاناً مع حساب

الأسئلة المنشورة هنا عيّنة ثابتة. أنشئ حساباً مجانياً لتتدرب على بنك الأسئلة الكامل، مع تحليل أدائك حسب التخصص وصفحة لمراجعة أخطائك.

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